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double bass
also known as the contrabass or bass viol
poco
a little, as in poco più allegro (a little faster)
retenu
hold back; same as the Italian ritenuto (see below)
chromaticism
the use of raised or lowered notes instead of the normal degrees of the scale; chromaticism often serves to heighten the emotional tension of music
portamento
carrying; i.e., 1. generally, sliding in pitch from one note to another, usually pausing just above or below the final pitch, then sliding quickly to that pitch. If no pause is executed, then it is a basic glissando; or 2. in piano music, an articulation between legato and staccato, like portato, in this list
N.C.
no chord, written in the chord row of music notation to show there is no chord being played, and no implied harmony
vif
Quickly, lively
Nebenstimme
under part; i.e., a secondary contrapuntal part, always occurring simultaneously with, and subsidiary to, the Hauptstimme
Klangfarbenmelodie
tone-color-melody, distribution of pitch or melody among instruments, varying timbre
poetico
poetic discourse