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M'Naghten Rules
These rules contain the law on insanity as a defence in law.
R v Sullivan
Insanity can be permanent or temporary and must stem from an internal cause.
R v Clarke
In order to suffer from a defect of reason, one must be deprived of the power to reason, not simply absent-minded.
R v Kemp
'Disease of the mind' may include physical, rather than mental, diseases.
R v Codere
A man who does not know the nature and quality of his act has not committed a crime.
R v Windle
If a man knows that his acts are legally wrong, he is liable for them.
R v Hennessy
Hyperglycaemic shock is insanity as it is internal.
DPP v H
Insanity does not apply to strict liability crimes.
R v Burgess
Sleepwalking comes from an internal factor and is therefore insanity.
Bratty v A.G. for Northern Ireland
Says that automatism refers to involuntary acts.
R v Quick
Hypoglycaemia is external (injected insulin with no food) and is automatism.
R v Bailey
Automatism will fail if self-induced or if steps could reasonably have been taken to prevent it.
R v Hardie
The taking of soporific drugs can give rise to automatism, however the jury must consider whether the taking of them was reckless.
Broome v Perkins
The loss of voluntary control must be total.
A.G. Reference 2 of 1992
Confirms Broome v Perkins. Partial reduction of awareness is unsufficient for automatism.
R v T
A dissociative state caused by PTSD can be considered as automatism.
R v Burgess
A dissociative state caused by the stresses of everyday life is insanity not automatism.
