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cracking
the breaking down of long-chained alkanes into a shorter-change alkane and an alkene
thermal decomposition
Cracking is an example of this processt. Thee breaking up of a chemical substance with heat into at least two chemical substances.
Cracking (process)
A long chain hydrocarbon is heated until is vaporises and is then passed over a hot catalyst (often auminium oxide).
Alkane and alkene
The two hydrocarbons produced during cracking
alkene general formula
CnH2n
Alkenes
Unsaturated hydrocarbon containing a carbon–carbon double bond.
Ethene
C2H4
Propene
C3H6
Butene
C4H8
Bromine water
A test for unstaturated substances. Bromine water turns from orange to colourless
Fuel
A use of some of the products from cracking
Polymer
A very large molecule that is composed of many small, repeating structural units.
polyethene
the polymer made from the polymerisation of ethene
polypropene
the polymer made from the polymerisation of propene
Gore-tex
a useful polymer. It is waterproof and breathable making it an excellent material for outdoor clothing
Non-biodegradable
a significan problem with the use of polymers. Tbey are not broken down by microorganisms and so this leads to problems with waste disposal