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Actus reus
Act that forms an element of a criminal offense.
Beyond a reasonable doubt
Standard of proof in a criminal trial.
Bribery
The crime of giving or taking money to influence a person in a position of trust.
Burden of proof
The responsibility of producing sufficient evidence to convince the trier of fact at trial.
Burglary
The crime of breaking and entering an inhabited structure at night to commit a felony.
Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA)
A U.S. federal law that criminalizes unauthorized access to a “protected computer.”
Crime
Conduct that is prohibited and has a specific punishment prescribed by public law.
Double Jeopardy
The prosecution of a person for an offense for which he or she has already been prosecuted.
Duress
Wrongful coercion, such as threats of physical violence, that induces a person to act against his or her will.
Embezzlement
To fraudulently take property entrusted to one’s care.
Entrapment
To cause a person to commit a crime by means of undue persuasion in order to later prosecute.
Exclusionary rule
A rule of evidence that suppresses evidence obtained in violation of a defendant’s constitutional rights.
Felony
A crime for which the punishment may be death or imprisonment for more than a year.
“Fruit of the Poisonous Tree”
Doctrine that evidence derived from an illegal action cannot be admitted into court.
Grand jury
A jury that examines criminal accusations to determine whether there is enough evidence to formally charge and try the accused.
